Overview

本文主要参考了javamail发送邮件的简单实例这篇文章。
最近和Chris在做secretepdb这个项目时，用到了发送邮件这一功能(需要用到mail.jar这个包)。经过Chris指点和自己查阅资料，还是比较顺利地完成了这一模块，特此记录一下。
该模块包含3部分：发送器(SimpleMailSender)，验证器(MyAuthenticator)和action。其中发送器部分将model单独分离出来为MailSenderInfo.java。

1.发送器(SimpleMailSender)

原程序中实现了两种邮件格式的发送，本项目仅取文本格式。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;     
 
public class SimpleMailSender  {     
    public boolean sendTextMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) {     
        Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
        MyAuthenticator authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());
        // 根据邮件会话属性和验证器构造一个发送邮件的session     
        Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,authenticator);     
        try {     
            // 根据session创建一个邮件消息     
            Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);     
            // 创建邮件发送者地址     
            Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());     
            // 设置邮件消息的发送者     
            mailMessage.setFrom(from);     
            // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中     
            Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());     
            mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);     
            // 设置邮件消息发送的时间     
            mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());     
            // 设置邮件消息的主要内容     
            String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();     
            mailMessage.setText(mailContent);     
            // 发送邮件     
            Transport.send(mailMessage);    
            return true;     
      } catch (MessagingException e) {     
          e.printStackTrace();     
      }     
      return false;     
    }     
}   

2.发送器(SimpleMailSender)的model

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
import java.util.Properties;     
public class MailSenderInfo {     
    // 发送邮件的服务器的IP和端口     
    private String mailServerHost;     
    private String mailServerPort;     
    // 邮件发送者的地址     
    private String fromAddress;     
    // 邮件接收者的地址     
    private String toAddress;     
    // 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名和密码     
    private String userName;     
    private String password;     
    // 邮件的文本内容     
    private String content;     
  
    public Properties getProperties(){     
        Properties p = new Properties();
        //这里我们选用的是SMTP服务器，也可以选择POP3等服务器，但是要注意配置文件要对应。     
        p.put("mail.smtp.host", mailServerHost);     
        p.put("mail.smtp.port", mailServerPort);
        //验证类型为ture，否则会出现javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException异常。
        p.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
        return p;     
    }
    /*
    这里是mailServerHost等7个model的getters和setters。
    */
}  

3.验证器(MyAuthenticator)

这个密码验证器必须要有否则会出现javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException异常。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
    
public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator{    
    String userName=null;    
    String password=null;    
       
    public MyAuthenticator(){    
    }    
    public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) {     
        this.userName = username;     
        this.password = password;     
    }     
    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){    
        return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);    
    }    
}

4.Action

这里主要负责读取配置文件(serverInfo.properties)、前后台交互和执行发送。

4.1 提交(SubmissionAction)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import service.MailSenderInfo;
import service.SimpleMailSender;
 
public class SubmissionAction extends ActionSupport {
//Used to store the results from DB and be fetched by JSP.
private String surname;
private String givenName;
private String organization;
private String email;
 
private String proteinName;
private String species;
private String geneName;
private String uniprotID;
private String molecularWeight;
private String evidence;
private String proteinSequence;
private String proteinFunction;
private String structure;
private String interaction;
private String proteinMutation;
private String ptSites;
private String functionDomain;
private String pathway;
 
//Begin Search Action Method
public String execute() {
    MailSenderInfo mailInfo = new MailSenderInfo();
    Properties pps = new Properties();
    //get the path of the properties file
    String path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/")+"WEB-INF/serverInfo.properties";
    try {
        pps.load(new FileInputStream(path));
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    //根据key读取配置文件
    String host=pps.getProperty("MAILSERVERHOST");
    String port=pps.getProperty("MAILSERVERPORT");
    String userName=pps.getProperty("USERNAME");
    String password = pps.getProperty("PASSWORD");
    String fAddress = pps.getProperty("FROMADDRESS");
    String tAddress=pps.getProperty("TOADDRESS");
     
    mailInfo.setMailServerHost(host);//邮箱服务器     
    mailInfo.setMailServerPort(port);//邮箱端口  
    mailInfo.setUserName(userName);//发件人邮箱       
    mailInfo.setPassword(password);//您的邮箱密码     
    mailInfo.setFromAddress(fAddress);//发件人邮箱    
    mailInfo.setToAddress(tAddress);//收件人邮箱
     
    String content = "Surname: " + this.surname+"\n"
            +"Given Name: "+this.givenName+"\n"
            +"Organization: "+this.organization+"\n"
            +"Email: "+this.email+"\n"
            +"Protein Name: "+this.proteinName+"\n"
            +"Species: "+this.species+"\n"
            +"Gene Name: "+this.geneName+"\n"
            +"Uniprot ID: "+this.uniprotID+"\n"
            +"Molecular Weight: "+this.molecularWeight+"\n"
            +"Evidence: "+this.evidence+"\n"
            +"Protein Sequence: "+this.proteinSequence+"\n"
            +"Protein Function: "+this.proteinFunction+"\n"
            +"Structure: "+this.structure+"\n"
            +"Protein-Protein Interaction: "+this.interaction+"\n"
            +"Protein Mutation: "+this.proteinMutation+"\n"
            +"Post-translational sites: "+this.ptSites+"\n"
            +"Function Domain: "+this.functionDomain+"\n"
            +"Metabolic/signaling Pathway: "+this.pathway+"\n";
    mailInfo.setContent(content);     
    //发送邮件    
    SimpleMailSender sms = new SimpleMailSender();    
    sms.sendTextMail(mailInfo);//发送文体格式     
    return SUCCESS;
}
 
/*这里写上各个model的getters和setters*/
}

4.2 配置文件(serverInfo.properties)

配置文件编写很简单，就是等号(=)两边一一映射，而且不加引号(""),读取出来都是String类型。

1
2
3
4
5
6
MAILSERVERHOST=smtp.mxhichina.com//这里用的阿里云企业邮箱smtp服务器
MAILSERVERPORT=25
USERNAME=系统发件箱地址
PASSWORD=系统发件箱密码
FROMADDRESS=发件箱地址//最好和系统发件箱地址一致
TOADDRESS=收件人邮箱

读取配置文件有多种方法，可以参考java读取properties文件方法和对比这篇文章。